Due to increasingly frequent extreme weather events and demographically induced population changes, it is becoming more and more difficult to adequately dimension sewer networks for the future. According to the current EU Water Framework Directive, local authorities are required to take measures to prevent water pollution caused by the uncontrolled discharge of combined sewage from the sewer. However, the difference between dry weather utilisation and extreme rainfall volumes during heavy rainfall means that previous design methods represent a compromise: in order to avoid excessively large pipe dimensions for individual extreme events, the sewer network is overloaded, resulting in so-called relief events. This means that in these cases, a certain amount of untreated mixed water is channelled into a surface water body.
The basic building block of KanabEnt is the construction of a flexibly adaptable replica of a canal section with a spillway sill on a semi-industrial scale. Thanks to its installation in a container, the research station is flexible. It can therefore be used at different locations. In co-operation with manufacturers and local authorities, the use of possible purification systems can be tested, further developed and tested on site using real wastewater.
Many federal states are increasingly demanding the use of special treatment facilities that enable the pre-treatment of mixed water before it can enter a body of water. Some federal states are also providing funding for this purpose, although this requires an individualised verification of the performance of these purification facilities for the respective location. The required proof has not yet been defined and must be developed with scientific support.
A screen system is therefore being tested as a so-called horizontal bar screen, which not only retains coarse impurities from the water using innovative digitisation elements, but also fine components through the targeted use of the coarse material as filter material. All retained substances can thus be fed into the sewage treatment plant. The primary aim is to investigate how high the degree of retention is, especially of the fine material components, and what consequences this has for machine operation (e.g. at what intervals the screens need to be cleaned). The investigations at the research station are being carried out at the Hof sewage treatment plant, as real-scale screening systems are available here. Based on the results from the test set-up and the real operating results, a model can be developed for a proof of performance.
In addition to its use in research, the KanabEnt research station is also used in teaching. Students can carry out experiments as part of their lectures or use the facilities individually for their final theses.
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